Upconversion nanoparticles demonstrate unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity associated wi

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable power to shield delicate skin. This gentle component has long been utilized in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective qualities. Establishing a physical shield on the ski